england
The Industrial Revolution began in the country of Great Britain on the European continent.
The common noun in the sentence is first.
The very first guns were probably sometime in the late 1100s or early 1200s.
Spain?? But Portugal beat them to it . . .
First Nations people began interacting with European explorers after the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492. The interactions increased as more European expeditions reached the Americas in the following centuries.
New York city began as New Amsterdam, if speaking about the first European settlers.
European explorers began to use gunpowder in order to take slaves captive. This was first done on the continent of Africa.
The first phase of European overseas expansion began in the early fifteenth century with Portugal's exploration of the West African coast. They were seeking legendary gold mines and a way to circumvent the trade routes controlled by Muslims.
France
That depends on what you mean by "American History." In reality, the history of America began with the first humans who set foot in the Americas.
Apart from the first sea explorers who landed on Australia's shores, people began exploring Australia from the the first year that European settlement began. Governor Arthur Phillip first began exploring beyond Sydney in April 1788, and numerous other explorers followed after him.
The Russians began efforts to trade and to create a North American colony in 1741.