it is one of the Cunninghams from the mob that tried to lynch Tom Robinson
This is all from memory and may be unreliable as a result, but I believe Atticus goes into the case with the expectation that he will lose, as he is aware of the weight of the prejudice acting against Tom Robinson. During the actual court case itself it would appear that Tom is innocent and Atticus is likely to win but this is only based on modern perspective of the events in the book. The jury's verdict is surprising in light of this.
Atticus's strategy in defending Tom Robinson is to present the truth and challenge the racial prejudices of the community. He aims to highlight the inconsistencies in the prosecution's case and demonstrate Tom's innocence. By appealing to the jury's sense of justice and fairness, Atticus hopes to secure a fair trial for his client.
Atticus highlights Mayella Ewell's difficult life and suggests she may have accused Tom Robinson out of fear of her father rather than the truth. By shifting the focus to Mayella's possible motivations, Atticus encourages the jury to consider the broader context of her actions and question her credibility. This approach challenges the jury to think critically about the case and encourages them to look beyond surface appearances.
Atticus proves Tom innocent, yet the jury declared he was guilty. The reason being they would never favor a black man over a black man.
Atticus is afraid the jury will assume Tom Robinson is guilty because he is black. The jury is all white, and the victim is white, and it was unheard of for a jury to find in favor of a black defendant over a white victim.
Try when Atticus is talking to the jury about Tom Robinson. He presents ethos, pathos, and logos.
An example of pathos in "To Kill a Mockingbird" is when Atticus Finch delivers his closing argument in Tom Robinson's trial, appealing to the emotions of the jury by highlighting the injustice and cruelty of the situation. Atticus's speech evokes a sense of compassion and empathy towards Tom Robinson, calling attention to the racial prejudice at play in the courtroom. This emotional appeal is meant to sway the jury towards a more humane and fair verdict.
Assuming that Atticus's final plea is in relation to his closing arguments during the trial of Tom Robinson, then this occurs in Chapter 20 of the book.
Atticus attempts to establish through Bob Ewell's testimony that Tom Robinson is innocent by exposing inconsistencies and lies in Bob's story. By showing the jury that Bob's account cannot be trusted, Atticus hopes to cast doubt on the prosecution's case and demonstrate Tom's innocence.
It is ironic because Atticus knows that the truth is unlikely to be revealed in Tom Robinson's case due to the racism pervasive in the jury and the community. Despite his faith in the justice system, Atticus is implying that the truth will never come to light and that Tom will be wrongly convicted.
In "To Kill a Mockingbird," the character Atticus Finch defended Tom Robinson in court. The jury members who were convinced by the evidence and testimonies in favor of Tom Robinson's innocence included some unnamed members who were swayed by Atticus's arguments and the truthfulness of the defense. Ultimately, despite their efforts, the jury found Tom Robinson guilty due to the prevailing racial prejudice in the community.
He needed Tom to stand up, that way he could show the Jury that Tom could not use his left arm. Earlier Atticus asked Mr. Ewell which hand he wrote with and he asnwered his left. This way Atticus could show the Jury that Tom could not have raped Mayella because he can not use his left arm.