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The board of directors for a company will announce that they have decided to buy back their own shares from the current outstanding shares and then retiring those shares. A Company may do this for several reasons but the main reason is to increase the value of the stock price for the share holders.

If a company has 10 million outstanding shares and a current stock price of $5/share (keep in mind the market cap would be $50 million). The company announces that the board has authorized the repurchase of 5 million shares. Then the company will typically buy those shares back throughout the year(or whatever time frame) reducing the outstanding shares to 5 million from the initial 10 million. Let's say that miraculously the company was able to purchase all 5 million shares at $5/share. So they spend $50 million buying back the stock. If I was wealthy shareholder and own 1 million shares of the company then before the buyback I owned 10%(my shares / total outstanding shares....1 milliion/10million) of the company. After the buyback there are now 5 million shares so I own 20% (1 million / 5 million) of the company. If the stock remains at $10/share after the buyback then the the market cap is now 25 million, but if shareholders thought the value of company was worth 50 million before the only thing that has changed after the buyback is the number of outstanding shares. So that means the price should increase to make the market cap go back up. So the idea is when a company buys back stock they increase the value of each share to the shareholder by increasing their ownership in the company. In our case the price of the stock should now be $10/share making the market cap 50 million again ($10/share x 5 million shares = $50 million). So buybacks are an alternative to dividends as a method for a company to return value to the shareholders.

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14y ago

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