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The FSA has warned of the risks associated with increasing retail access to the bond markets.

In a speech about the regulatory challenges and developments in the bond markets at the Euromoney bond investors congress in London, FSA managing director of risk Sally Dewar commented on the launch of the London Stock Exchange's new electronic order book trading platform for corporate and UK government bonds in response to investor demand.

She said: "While we see this as a positive development, with the potential to bring benefits to both firms and consumers, there are also risks associated with increasing retail access. For example, authorised firms will need to fully explain to their retail clients the potential risks associated with buying corporate bonds."

So what are the risks?

  • Default Risk. The risk of the bond's issuer not meeting the schedule of cash flows on a full and timely basis.
  • Credit Spread Risk. The risk that the credit spread of a bond (extra yield to compensate investors for taking default risk), which is inherent in the fixed coupon, becomes insufficient compensation for default risk that has later deteriorated. As the coupon is fixed the only way the credit spread can readjust to new circumstances is by the market price of the bond falling and the yield rising to such a level that an appropriate credit spread is offered.
  • Interest Rate Risk. The level of Yields generally in a bond market, as expressed by Government Bond Yields, may change and thus bring about changes in the market value of Fixed-Coupon bonds so that their Yield to Maturity adjusts to newly appropriate levels.
  • Liquidity Risk. There may not be a continuous secondary market for a bond, thus leaving an investor with difficulty in selling at, or even near to, a fair price.
  • Supply Risk. Heavy issuance of new bonds similar to the one held may depress their prices.
  • Inflation Risk. Inflation reduces the real value of future fixed cash flows. An anticipation of inflation, or higher inflation, may depress prices immediately.
  • Tax Change Risk. Unanticipated changes in taxation may adversely impact the value of a bond to investors and consequently its immediate market value.

http://www.davidandgoliathworld.com/2010/02/what-are-the-risks-in-bonds/

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