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What is enteric fever?
It is a form of diarrhoea that is of protracted duration and is associated with sign of systemic disease such as high fever, rash and respiratory or neurologic symptoms. Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella paratyphe are the most common cause.
Are gram negative enteric bacilli fastidious heterotrophs?
Yes, some gram-negative enteric bacilli can be considered fastidious heterotrophs. This means they have complex nutritional requirements and may require specific growth factors or conditions to thrive. Examples of fastidious enteric bacilli include some strains of Salmonella and Shigella.
List selective media for stool culture?
MacConkey agar: Selective for Gram-negative bacteria, inhibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria. Hektoen enteric agar: Selective for Gram-negative enteric pathogens, such as Salmonella and Shigella species. Thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) agar: Selective for Vibrio species, especially Vibrio cholerae. Cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin (CIN) agar: Selective for Yersinia species.
What are enteric micro-organisms?
Enteric micro-organisms are bacteria, viruses, and parasites that live in the intestines of humans and animals. They play a crucial role in digestion and can also cause infections when they are not in balance. Some common examples include Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella, and norovirus.
Is salmonella and shigella agar selective or differential?
Salmonella and Shigella agar (SS agar) is both selective and differential. It is selective because it inhibits the growth of most gram-positive bacteria and non-enteric gram-negative bacteria, allowing for the isolation of Salmonella and Shigella species. Additionally, it is differential as it contains indicators that differentiate between lactose fermenters and non-fermenters, with lactose fermenters producing pink colonies and Salmonella and Shigella typically forming colorless colonies.
What is the gramstain of enteric?
Enteric bacteria are typically Gram-negative, meaning they do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining procedure and appear pink or red after counterstaining. This classification includes a wide range of bacteria found in the intestinal tract, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella. Some enteric bacteria, like certain species of Enterococcus, can be Gram-positive. However, the majority are Gram-negative and are characterized by a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane.
Is brilliant green bile agar selective or differential?
Brilliant green bile agar is both selective and differential. It is selective for enteric bacteria, particularly Salmonella and Shigella, by inhibiting the growth of gram-positive bacteria and non-enteric gram-negative bacteria due to the presence of brilliant green dye and bile salts. It is also differential because it allows for the differentiation of enteric bacteria based on their ability to ferment carbohydrates, resulting in color changes in the medium.
What pathogen cause typhus?
Typhoid fever, also known as enteric fever, is a potentially fatal multisystemic illness caused primarily by Salmonella enterica, subspecies enterica serovar typhiand, to a lesser extent, related serovars paratyphi A, B, and C.
What has the author William Henry Gaub written?
William Henry Gaub has written: 'An investigation concerning the preservation of stool specimens suspected of containing organisms of the enteric group' -- subject(s): Salmonella, Shigella, Eberthella, Microbiology, Feces
Interpretation of widal test?
this test is applied for enteric fever that include typhoid and paratyphoid.the pathogen can be recovered from the blood during the first 7-10days of illness. the widal test is a convenient method for detecting the abs produced during salmonella inf. this method has its limitations. many individuals possess a low titre agglutinin that reacts with salmonella ags. hence a rising titre give more significance than a single test value. principal:- abs found in the serum are produced in response to exposure to salmonella organisms and will agglutinate a bacterial suspension of salmonella organisms(non infective) which carry homologus ags.
What is another name for malaria?
sometimes called Salmonella paratyphi infection, is a serious contagious disease caused by a gram-negative bacterium. It is also grouped together with typhoid fever under the name enteric fever.
Why salmonella typhimurium does not ferment lactose?
Salmonella typhimurium does not ferment lactose due to the absence of the necessary enzymes, specifically β-galactosidase, which is required to break down lactose into glucose and galactose. Instead, it primarily relies on other carbohydrates and proteins for energy. The inability to ferment lactose is a distinguishing feature used in laboratory identification and differentiation from other enteric bacteria, such as E. coli, which can ferment lactose.
