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Being made mostly of water, and having a neutral buoyancy, primary jellyfish movement is provided simply by drifting with currents and tidal forces.

Short term and/or limited distance movement is additionally accomplished by propulsion. This force is initiated by contracting a ring of muscle cells around the opening of the umbrella shaped bell, causing an explusion of the water contained inside the bell. The springiness of the bell slowly returns it once again to an open shape, even as the jelly is still gliding forward, due to momentum and the streamline shape of the bell in the direction away from the open end. This process can then be repeated to continue forward movement.

A few species of box jellies are such strong swimmers, though, that they are able to overcome planktonic (current and tidal) movement, so that they can direct their travel. Fewer box jellies wash up on the beach than their relatively helpless cousins. Scientists are currently studying whether the species, Chironex fleckeri (marine stinger) actually stalks its prey, since they reportedly can move as fast as a human can walk. This species also has complicated eyes containing a lens, cornea, and retina; it can navigate simple mazes; and it has demonstrated short term memory.

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