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It split into sects.

It started as a political disagreement. Some Muslims (known today as the Shias or the Shiites) wanted Ali, the Prophet's cousin, to be the next leader. The rest of the Muslims (known today as the Sunnis) argued that the Prophet had chosen Abu Bakr when he had asked Abu Bakr to lead the prayer in his place while the Prophet was on his deathbed.

Of course, today, it doesn't matter who was the first leader. However, what started as a political disagreement has, with time, turned into a religious one. While they agree on the Quran, they have many disputes over Hadiths, arguing which are authentic and how they should be understood. In shortest terms, they have become two separate schools of thought.

Many Shias and Sunnis still live together peacefully, though. Disagreement doesn't necessarily mean the two are not compatible. In fact, many Muslims choose not to be known as Sunni or Shia, but just Muslim.

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