What ability does our conscience give us?

Answer 1

Our conscience gives us the ability to discern between right and wrong to some degree. It is hampered by our own desires, by incomplete knowledge, and by the bad influence of others.

Ethics continually change, often drastically. Social mores come and go, with certain practices deemed acceptable in one era or area, but capitally liable elsewhere. Each new civilization seems to have different ideas as to what is acceptable.
Therefore, a higher ethical standard, not invented by humans, can serve as a permanent criterion and a safeguard against excesses.See also:

The value of religion

Answer 2

Our conscience gives us the ability to know right from wrong, although knowing right from wrong does not prevent us from acting on baser instincts. Conscience can be augmented by any of the world's religions, although the evidence is that even religion does little to advance ethical standards. A philosophical approach to ethics can inform us of what is universally proper conduct, but in the end it is up to the individual to listen to his or her conscience.