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What Microorganisms Need to Grow (FAT TOM):

FOOD - Proteins and Carbohydrates

ACIDITY: Pathogenic bacteria grow best in foods that are slightly acidic (pH of 4.6-7.5)

TEMPERATURE: Pathogenic bacteria grow best between 41°F and 135°F (the danger zone). This is why leaving food at room temperature for several hours is very dangerous. Note: Foods left outside the danger zone doesn't necessary kill microorganisms, for example, refrigeration temperature doesn't necessary kill microorganisms but just slow their growth.

TIME: When organisms are given favorable temperatures, proper nutrients and water they can double in population as quickly as every 20 minutes. If foods are left in the danger zone for 4 hours or more microorganisms can grow enough to make someone ill.

OXYGEN: Some microorganisms need oxygen to grow and some can grow in the absence of oxygen.

MOISTURE: Most microorganisms require water to grow therefore they grow well in moist food. Potentially hazardous foods grow best with a .85 or higher water activity level.

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16y ago

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