I believe that would be a bandsaw.
Wood expands primarily across its width, perpendicular to the grain, when exposed to moisture or changes in temperature.
The three main surfaces of wood are end grain, face grain, and edge grain. End grain is the surface that is perpendicular to the growth rings, face grain is parallel to the growth rings, and edge grain is perpendicular to both the end and face grain.
Yes, wood is considered orthotropic, meaning it has different mechanical properties in three mutually perpendicular directions: along the grain (longitudinal), across the grain (tangential), and perpendicular to the grain (radial). This anisotropic behavior arises from its cellular structure, which consists of aligned fibers that provide strength and stiffness primarily in the direction of the grain. As a result, wood exhibits varying responses to stress, strain, and moisture in different orientations.
Timber is stronger across the grain than along the grain.
Rolling shear
wood grain, as at the end of a board, resulting from a cut across the grain.
they resist stress and spread the load over the length of the board
Maple because it has a tighter bond between the grain
A crosscut blade is best for cutting across the grain of wood.
A slot or trench cut into the surface of a piece of machinable material, usually wood. When viewed in cross-section, a dado has three sides. A dado is cut across, or perpendicular to, the grain and is thus differentiated from a groove which is cut with, or parallel to, the grain. by Dash from Philippines
cutting wood across its grain is called
Ripping and crosscutting are two common woodworking techniques that involve cutting wood in different ways. Ripping involves cutting wood along the grain, which means cutting it lengthwise with the grain of the wood. This technique is typically used to make boards narrower or to cut them to a specific width. Crosscutting, on the other hand, involves cutting wood across the grain, which means cutting it perpendicular to the grain of the wood. This technique is typically used to make boards shorter or to cut them to a specific length. In summary, ripping cuts wood along the grain, while crosscutting cuts wood across the grain.