Both cows milk and water-buffalo's milk produce a violet colour when tested with biuret solution because they both contain protein.
Fats and oils show no color change when tested with biuret solution. This is because biuret reagent specifically tests for proteins, and fats have a different chemical composition that does not react with the reagent to produce a color change.
Biuret solution is typically blue-violet in color before the test.
The normal color of biuret solution is light blue. When proteins are present and react with the biuret reagent, the solution changes to a violet or purple color, indicating the presence of peptide bonds. This color change is often used as a test for proteins in various laboratory applications.
Copper sulphate gives biuret reagent it's blue colour.
The alkaline solution in Biuret's test serves to denature the proteins present in the sample, breaking down their tertiary structure so that the peptide bonds can react with the copper ions in the reagent. This reaction results in the formation of a purple color, indicating the presence of proteins in the sample.
The reagent used in the Biuret Test is a solution of copper sulfate (CuSO4) and potassium hydroxide (KOH). The KOH is there to raise the pH of the solution to alkaline levels; the crucial component is the copper (II) ion from the CuSO4. When peptide bonds are present in this alkaline solution, the copper (II) ions will form a coordination complex with four nitrogen atoms involved in peptide bonds. Copper Sulfate solution is a blue colour, but when the copper (II) ions are coordinated with the nitrogen atoms of these peptide bonds, the colour of the solution changes from blue to violet. This colour change is dependent on the number of peptide bonds in the solution, so the more protein, the more intense the change. When the peptides are very short, the solution turns a pink colour, rather than violet.
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To test starch: To test starch you take the food sample, and add iodine solution if the colour turns black this means starch is present. To test for protein: To test for protein, you take the food sample and add Biuret A and Biuret B and shake, if the colour turns lilac this means that protein is present.
If Biuret Reagent is related to the presence of Protein macromolecules, then a positive result will change it's colour from blue to violet.
purple for longer peptides (larger proteins) and pink for shorter ones
1) Add 2cm3 of solution to be tested to a test-tube. 2) Add an equal volume of 5% potassium hydroxide* solution and mix. 3) Add 2 drops of 1% copper sulphate solution and mix. A mauve or purple colour develops if protein is present. *Sodium hydroxide solution can be used instead of potassium hydroxide solution.
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