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Power Transformers convert an alternating electric current into magnetism in the primary circuit. This magnetic flux flows around the core in the form of a fluctuating magnetic field. This flux is transformed back into an electric current in the secondary circuit . The primary circuit consists of a coil of wire, having a known number of turns, wound around a laminated soft iron core. The secondary circuit is also wound around the magnetic core but is electrically isolated from the primary.The linkage between coils is purely magnetic. The number of coils on the secondary dictates whether the transformer steps up the voltage on the primary,or steps it down. It is a simple correlation of turns.ie 100 coils on primary,50 on secondary halves the voltage and doubles the available current on the secondary. They are the most efficient electrical machines ever invented.

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