copper, zinc, lead, manganese, iron, cadmium, magnesium, calcium, arsenic
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Oxygen typically exists as a divalent element because it has six valence electrons in its outer shell. By gaining two electrons, it can achieve a full valence shell, similar to the stable noble gases.
copper can form monovalent as well as divalent salts
will there be any structural changes when divalent is doped with trivalent
Oxygen is a 'divalent' atom. To understand why Oxygen is divalent, we need to know how electrons 'stack-up' in an atom.Oxygen has eight electrons to stack up. This means that it can have two in its first shell, and six in the next. It has two spaces in it's second shell.Another rule for atoms is that they 'like' to have full shells.This means that the Oxygen atom finds it easy to pick up two extra electrons. This means it has a tendency to grab two electrons and carry them around, making it 'divalent'.Other atoms that can behave divalently are Sulphur and Selenium (Group 8 atoms, in the same family as Oxygen) and metals like Magnesium and Calcium, that like to lose two electrons and so have a positive charge, the mirror image of Oxygens's divalency.
The list that indicates which metals are able to displace other metals in a chemical reaction is called the activity series. It ranks metals in order of reactivity, with more reactive metals displacing less reactive metals in aqueous solutions.
It's basically an indication of what metals are capable of displacing others. There's a list called the "reactivity series", and any metal on the list will displace anything lower on the list and be displaced by anything higher on the list.
AdamantiumAluminumAntimonyArsenicBariumBerylliumBismuthBoronbronzeCadmiumCesiumChromiumCobaltCopperGalliumGermaniumGoldHafniumIndiumIridiumIronLeadLithiumMagnesiumManganeseMercuryMolybdenumNickelPlatinumPalladiumRhodiumOsmiumRutheniumRheniumRubidiumScandiumSeleniumSilverStrontiumTantalumTelluriumThalliumThoriumTinTitaniumTungstenUraniumVanadiumZincZirconium
No. Most of the metals listed are not transition metals and most transition metals are not in the list.
Minerals, metals and oxides frequently occur as dodecahedral crystals. Examples include Gold, Copper, Lead and Diamond. For a full list with photos, try dodecahedral.com
Some Metals are: Indium Gallium Thallium Aluminium Bismuth Tin Lead
The metals highest on the list are the least stable.
Sulfide Dicarbonate