Who does Old Major represent in real life?

Answer 1

Old Major in George Orwell's "Animal Farm" represents Karl Marx, the philosopher and revolutionary whose ideas inspired the communist movement. His vision of a society free from oppression and exploitation reflects Marx's theories about class struggle and the need for a proletarian revolution. Additionally, Old Major's ideals can also be seen as a critique of the leaders of the Russian Revolution, particularly Lenin, who initially embraced Marxist principles but later betrayed them.