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In chemistry, an alkali is a substance whose molecules either can donate (or "lend") a pair of electrons to another chemical substance or accept one or more protons (H+).

An acid is a substance whose molecules can accept (or "borrow") a pair of electrons or donate one or more protons (H+) respectively.

The reaction between an acid and an alkali involves the alkali giving, and the alkali receiving, a pair of electrons so that both are "satisfied". It is in this sense that they are opposites.

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