You're talking about holding the temperature of the water, right? As far as containing the liquid, they're about equal...but a styrofoam or double-wall plastic cup would hold temp better than a glass cup which would work better than a single-wall plastic cup.
foam cup because it insulates it.
Metal - very good conductor of heat. Not a good insulator at all (Don't wrap cans in aluminum foil.) Glass - A little better resistor of heat energy transfer but still not great. Plastic - Depending on the exact material, plastic is probably your best bet. Especially if it's a foam of some sort; the air bubbles in the foam create barriers that heat energy has to cross to be able to escape.
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Water has a density of about 1.0, knowing this you can tell if an object will sink or float by calculating the objects density.
conductors
In general, foam is a better insulator than metal, and so foam would be expected to keep water hotter longer under most normal circumstances.
Metal - very good conductor of heat. Not a good insulator at all (Don't wrap cans in aluminum foil.) Glass - A little better resistor of heat energy transfer but still not great. Plastic - Depending on the exact material, plastic is probably your best bet. Especially if it's a foam of some sort; the air bubbles in the foam create barriers that heat energy has to cross to be able to escape.
Foam is NOT plastic!
to stop condesation of water from the surface of pipe.
Assuming they are the same or similar shape and volume, water in glass would freeze first, then plastic then foam. Foam allows transfer of heat out of water more slowly than plastic and the glass probably has the highest rate of heat radiation of the three.
Foam lets extra cold air reach the water
Foam will insulate better than plastic.
The answer to this question depends on the magic word NIC. NIC is short for non-intercellular. This means that the tiny cells within the foam do not connect with each other. The foam does not soak up lots of water. You can't blow air through it. A plastic foam which is NIC is a very poor conductor of heat - a good insulator. A plastic foam which is intercellular is not a good conductor, but it is nowhere near as poor as NIC foam. Its best use is as a sponge for soaking up water.
Assuming the foam is from furniture stuffing, then the answer is no. Such foam is plastic and is definitely not edible.
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Polystyrene is a plastic. I think you meant "polystyrene foam", which would be correct.
Water has a density of about 1.0, knowing this you can tell if an object will sink or float by calculating the objects density.
For feathers, foam plastic, cotton ... all well above the boiling point for water.