Materials Engineering can be subdivided into the following sub-fields:
Nanotechnology - rigorously, the study of materials where the effects of quantum confinement, the Gibbs-Thomson effect, or any other effect only present at the nanoscale is the defining property of the material; but more commonly, it is the creation and study of materials whose defining structural properties are anywhere from less than a nanometer to one hundred nanometers in scale, such as molecularly engineered materials.
Benefits: microelectronic advances
Harms: electronic monitoring devices (bugs)
Microtechnology - study of materials and processes and their interaction, allowing microfabrication of structures of micrometric dimensions, such as MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS).
Benefits: improved computer hardware
Harms: increased sedentary activity, obesity, and Diabetes caused by spending more time at the computer & less time exercising
Crystallography - the study of how atoms in a solid fill space, the defects associated with crystal structures such as grain boundaries and dislocations, and the characterization of these structures and their relation to physical properties.
Benefits: Improved glass products
Materials Characterization - such as diffraction with x-rays, electrons, or neutrons, and various forms of spectroscopy and chemical analysis such as Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), chromatography, thermal analysis, electron microscope analysis, etc., in order to understand and define the properties of materials.
Benefits: Greater understanding of the properties of materials
Metallurgy - the study of metals and their alloys, including their extraction, microstructure and processing.
Benefits: Improved, stronger, more durable metal alloys
Biomaterials - materials that are derived from and/or used with biological systems.
Benefits: Improved medical therapies, greater human longevity
Harms: Ethical concerns about artificial insemination, cloning, stem cell research, and other issues
Electronic and magnetic materials - materials such as semiconductors used to create integrated circuits, storage media, sensors, and other devices.
Benefits: More data storage in hard drives and RAM chips
Harms: Greater ability of government and private firms to accumulate massive personal data about any and every individual
Tribology - the study of the wear of materials due to friction and other factors.
Benefits: Greater durability of construction and clothing materials
Forensic materials engineering - the study of material failure, and the light it sheds on how engineers specify materials in their product
Benefits: Greater ability of law enforcement to identify criminals and establish their guilt
Harms: Greater ability of Big Brother to encroach on private activities; increasingly larger prison populations.
changes both harmful and useful
Useful materials include metals like aluminum and copper, which are essential for construction and electrical wiring, as well as renewable resources like bamboo and recycled plastics that contribute to sustainable practices. Harmful materials can include heavy metals like lead and mercury, which pose health risks and environmental contamination, and plastics that take centuries to decompose, leading to pollution. Balancing the use of these materials is crucial for both technological advancement and environmental protection.
The internet can be useful and harmful.
both, depending on circumstances
Harmful bacteria will harm you. Helpful bacteria will help you.
Harmful materials are substances that can cause damage to living organisms or the environment, such as toxic chemicals or pollutants. Useful materials are substances that have practical value or serve a useful purpose, like building materials or medicine.
Useful materials at home include cleaning products, tools, and storage items. Harmful materials can include toxic chemicals, sharp objects, and expired medications. It is important to store potentially dangerous materials properly and dispose of them responsibly.
lion are useful and harmful
It is not harmful. Also it is not useful
The changes talking place in our surroundings and which are useful to us are called Useful changes. The changes which are not useful but harmful are called Harmful changes
useful
Useful materials found in a home include steel for structural support, wood for furniture and flooring, and glass for windows and decorations. Harmful materials found in a home can include lead paint, asbestos insulation, and mold, which can all pose health risks if not properly managed or removed.
i think its both harmful and useful
Ozone at ground level is harmful. It is useful in stratosphere as it protects us from harmful UV rays.
It is useful because we can breathe it.
useful for dieing (;
It is USeful