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The first way is if they can produce viable offspring (which must also be able to reproduce).

If one of the organisms is extinct, they compare bone structures, whether it has similar vestigial parts as the other organism.

I believe another way is by the comparison of some enzymes.

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15y ago
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6y ago

DNA analysis.

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Q: How do scientists today figure out if two organisms are related?
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How do scientists know that organisms that lived millions of years ago are related to organisms of today?

They can track how long that fossil has been around by using carbon dtaing. They can also use an index fossil that is in the same rock layer. When they get the date of the fossil they can figure out what it might look like and how it ate or how it moved


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