There are several ways:
thermometer
One can make the bulb containing the liquid thinner to speed up reaction time.
A glass stem thermometer measures temperature through the expansion and contraction of a liquid, typically mercury or colored alcohol, contained in a sealed glass tube. As the temperature increases, the liquid expands and rises in the narrow stem, while it contracts and descends as the temperature decreases. The temperature is read by observing the level of the liquid against a calibrated scale printed on the glass. This method allows for accurate temperature readings based on the physical properties of the liquid used.
This could describe a thermometer. The only thing missing is the graduations. That way the height of the column can be associated with a specific temperature, the one that caused the column to be as high as it is.
OK basically depending on what thermometer. the glass tube is filled with either alcohol or Mercury. and when it gets hotter, the liquid expands and takes up more space inside the tube. and colder.......the liquid compacts and moves down the tube.....and it's taken years to calabrate the markings on the tube to show the correct reading.
A laboratory thermometer is used to check the temperature, or changes in temperature, of an object with precise accuracy.
thermometer
A liquid-in-glass thermometer is a type of thermometer that consists of a glass tube filled with a liquid, typically mercury or alcohol, which expands or contracts with changes in temperature. The level of the liquid in the tube corresponds to the temperature, allowing for temperature measurement.
using a thin capillary bore using a thick glass stem
A liquid-in-glass thermometer is sensitive to small temperature changes because the liquid inside expands and contracts with changes in temperature. This expansion and contraction leads to a noticeable movement of the liquid in the narrow capillary tube, making it easier to detect even small temperature changes. Additionally, the glass tube and thinness of the liquid column increase the sensitivity of the thermometer.
Mineral impurities in the upper fixed point of a mercury-in-glass thermometer can lead to an increase in the boiling point of the liquid, affecting the accuracy of high temperature measurements. Impurities in the lower fixed point can similarly impact the freezing point, affecting the accuracy of low temperature readings. Regular calibration and cleaning can help mitigate these effects.
For the basic principle, it can be ignored, since the liquid expands more than the glass.For exact calculations, the expansion of glass must also be taken into account. In practice, however, you'll want to calibrate the thermometer with known temperatures (for example, the temperatures of freezing and boiling water) - in which case such calculations are both unnecessary and useless.
As the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the liquid molecules also increases, causing them to move more rapidly and spread out. This increase in motion leads to an expansion of the liquid, causing it to rise in the narrow tube of the thermometer.
For a classic thermometer: glass and mercury, colored ethanol or another liquid.
A so-called "glass" thermometer has a small bore-hole in the center of the glass that has some liquid in it. It's the activity of the liquid in the narrow hole that makes the thermometer a thermometer.
the heat makes it expand you see
The liquid in a liquid-in-glass thermometer is typically a colored alcohol, such as ethanol or dyed ethanol, to aid in visibility. It has a low freezing point to ensure it remains in liquid form within the thermometer's temperature range, and it expands and contracts uniformly with temperature changes for accurate readings.