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Any of a group of complex organic macromolecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually sulfur and are composed of one or more chains of amino acids. Proteins are fundamental components of all living cells and include many substances, such as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies, that are necessary for the proper functioning of an organism. They are essential in the diet of animals for the growth and repair of tissue and can be obtained from foods such as meat, fish, eggs, milk, and legumes. == == translation occurs after transcription to produce the new protein molecule.

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Which process uses the code on an RNA molecule to make a protein?

homozygous and heterozygoues


How are proteins arranged in a plasma membrane and the part that they play in transporting substances into and out of cells?

Think of Active Transport!! Protein grabs molecule Protein rotates round Protein releases molecule Protein rotates round again But this requires energy, so alot of mitochondria are required, and also active transport goes against the concentration gradient.


Structures such as hair fingernails tendons and connective tissue are made from which type of organic molecule?

Protein.


What type of molecules insulin?

Insulin is a hormone released by the beta cells in your pancreas, when there is glucose (sugar) in your blood. Insulin goes through the blood stream and basically tells the cells of the body that there is glucose in the blood stream. and the cells respond to it by stopping glucagon breakdown, start making glucagon, taking up glucose into the cells with glucose transporters. A hormone is a molecule that is released in one part of the body, but works in another.


How is water formed as a by-product of the Krebs cycle?

The Krebs Cycle generates 3 molecules of NADH with 3 H+ ions as well as one seperate molecule of FADH2. Both are shuttled to the electron transport chain in the inter-mitochondrial membrane. The NADH is oxidized as its electrons are moved through the first protein in the chain. Ubiquinone (the coolest name in all of biology) accepts the electrons from FADH2 also oxidizing it. At the end of the chain, the final protein passes the electrons (H+ ions) onto half of an O2 molecule forming one molecule of water.