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The advantage perhaps is that the signal data could be passed over older and cruder wiring infrastructure, that slower error correction hardware could keep up. Speech using Voice over IP would be awful. In certain very special applications a relatively low bit rate may be needed - say for transmissions from planetary probes - where low power or signal robustness are special requirements but someone else will have to answer that one.

The disadvantages are huge - first you'll wait ages for data to come through except where the data is very small - a song or picture would take a long time at very low rates

As a rough rule divide the bit rate by 10 to get the bytes per second so 56 Kbits/sec (slow by modern standards) - that's roughly 5600 bytes/second so a 5 Mbyte song would take approximately 5,000,000 divided by 5600 which gives 1000 seconds roughly which is approx 16 minutes if it maintained the full 56Kbits/sec

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Q: What advantages and disadvantages if we low transmission bit rate?
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