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A water sample can be taken for biological examination or for chemical examination. The procedures for getting a proper sample vary slightly. Samples for legal purposes carry an additional need for having a demonstrable chain of custody.

Biological samples:

* Samples to be taken in sterile glass bottles with foil or Teflon lines caps * Bottle lip of inside of cap must not be contaminated during sampling * Bottle to be labeled for later identification * If sample is from a tap take after purging the line by running the tap for several minutes * Fill bottle completely * Refrigerate samples above freezing during transfer to the labs

Chemical examination:

* Assure the bottles are clean * Have appropriate preservatives, bottle materials and cap liners for each range of samples (organic, metals, solids, inorganics, ether soluble, BOD, COD, TOC) NOTE: To avoid ionic transfer never acid rinse plastic bottles before sampling for metals * Label all bottles * Sample mid stream flows * Don't skim top of flow for ether solubles or near the bottom for TSS * Fill bottle to an appropriate level. * Maintain bottle in cool light free environment for transport

Legal samples

* Maintain chain of custody by signing for bottles at lab * Conveying them in a sealed container * Labeling on site * Returning bottles in a sealed container * Signing off on the returned samples at the lab

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