Evolution is not a cause of genetic change: it is the effect of genetic change.
Changes that are genetic
All evolution that results in increasing genetic divergence between subpopulations may result in speciation. That includes convergent evolution: convergence occurs at the phenotypical level, not at the genetic level.
Micro-evolution is not only a part of macro-evolution, it is the same mechanism as macro-evolution. Macro-evolution includes speciation, as a result of continuing micro-evolution.
Occurs when a new organism is formed from the same organism
All life is the result of evolution.
Changes that are genetic
Changes that are genetic
genetic drift
Changes that are genetic
Changes that are genetic
Changes that are genetic
Changes that are genetic
Changes that are genetic
All evolution that results in increasing genetic divergence between subpopulations may result in speciation. That includes convergent evolution: convergence occurs at the phenotypical level, not at the genetic level.
This is known as genetic variation. It is the result of genetic mutations, recombination, and other genetic processes that can lead to differences in traits among individuals within a population. Over time, these variations can accumulate and contribute to the process of evolution.
A change in the genetic composition of a population of organisms over time is known as evolution. This occurs through processes such as natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow, leading to changes in allele frequencies in a population's gene pool. These changes can result in the emergence of new traits, species, and adaptations.
Genetic mutation does not always lead to sterilization as you point out. This however is not the way evolution happens. Evolution occurs mainly through small adaptive changes over a long period of time that are not mutations. Evolution does not happen suddenly.