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Scientists select model organisms to understand that particular life form, and its interactions with other life forms and with the environment. They choose particular organisms as models, because of the hopefully wider applicability of the scientific findings. Scientists think that what they learn from the particular model organism will help them understand other organisms. The basic idea comes from Charles Darwin's On the origin of Species, and The descent of man. According to that idea, all living organisms track back to the same ancestor, or the same ancestral gene pool. In particular, model organisms are selected, to understand human disease. Often, it is considered unethical to use people to sort out possible causes of and treatments for disease. So, for example, causes of and treatments for cancer have been studied through the use of mice in laboratories.

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