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An AC generator (Alternator). A rotor is turned into a magnet by what is known as 'excitation' current. The rotor then induces AC current in the stator windings as it is rotated within it.

This is AC, due to the fact that the rotor has a north and south pole, which alternately induces current in the stator windings. The exitation current is provided to the rotor via slip rings. Controlling this excitation current will also control the output power by suitable control circuitry.

This is the same principle, whether it is a small domestic generator, a power station, a wind turbine, or a car alternator.

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