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Erickson believed a child had three key stages of the development, and each required special needs for the child. The first was basic trust versus basic mistrust, and necessitated consistent and caring adults who provide a safe environment. Second is initiative versus guilt and requires a safe environment where they are allowed to make choices. Third is industry versus inferiority which needs encouraging adults who will allow them to develop and create their own ideas. Many of Montessori and Erickson's beliefs were similar, since Erickson was a certified Montessori teacher. The only difference is the 'encouraging adults,' which Maria Montessori believed could be a detriment since they could break the important concentration children need in their learning process. She was against both criticism as well as praise since it served to break that concentration.

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