deductive reasoning
Theories are often developed using deductive reasoning, where general principles or established facts lead to specific conclusions. Additionally, inductive reasoning plays a crucial role, as it involves deriving generalizations from specific observations or experimental results. Abductive reasoning may also be employed to formulate hypotheses that best explain the available data. Together, these reasoning methods help construct and validate scientific theories.
The kind of logical thinking that goes from the specific to the general is known as inductive reasoning. In this process, one observes specific instances or examples and then formulates broader generalizations or theories based on those observations. For example, if one notices that the sun has risen in the east every morning, they may conclude that the sun always rises in the east. Inductive reasoning is often used in scientific research to develop hypotheses and theories.
Inductive reasoning makes generalizations from specific facts, and would therefore be more closely tied to forming theories.
The reasoning of proving whether the experiment works or not, is acceptable or not, is reasonable or not.
deductive
Empirical reasoning, which relies on observations and data collected through experiments, is often used to form theories about life. This involves testing hypotheses and drawing conclusions based on evidence. Additionally, logical reasoning, which involves making deductions and inferences based on sound principles, is also commonly used in forming theories.
The kind of logical thinking that goes from the specific to the general is known as inductive reasoning. In this process, one observes specific instances or examples and then formulates broader generalizations or theories based on those observations. For example, if one notices that the sun has risen in the east every morning, they may conclude that the sun always rises in the east. Inductive reasoning is often used in scientific research to develop hypotheses and theories.
Inductive reasoning makes generalizations from specific facts, and would therefore be more closely tied to forming theories.
The kind of reasoning you do on your fingers.
Inductive reasoning
true
The reasoning of proving whether the experiment works or not, is acceptable or not, is reasonable or not.
scientific advances in many fields of biology, along with geology and physics, have confirmed and expanded most of Darwin's hypotheses
The categorical imperative
In logic, we often refer to the two broad methods of reasoning as the deductive and inductive approaches.Deductive reasoning works from the more general to the more specific. Sometimes this is informally called a "top-down" approach. We might begin with thinking up a theoryabout our topic of interest. We then narrow that down into more specifichypotheses that we can test. We narrow down even further when we collect observations to address the hypotheses. This ultimately leads us to be able to test the hypotheses with specific data -- a confirmation (or not) of our original theories.Inductive reasoning works the other way, moving from specific observations to broader generalizations and theories. Informally, we sometimes call this a "bottom up" approach (please note that it's "bottom up" and not"bottoms up" which is the kind of thing the bartender says to customers when he's trying to close for the night!). In inductive reasoning, we begin with specific observations and measures, begin to detect patterns and regularities, formulate some tentative hypotheses that we can explore, and finally end up developing some general conclusions or theories.These two methods of reasoning have a very different "feel" to them when you're conducting research. Inductive reasoning, by its very nature, is more open-ended and exploratory, especially at the beginning. Deductive reasoning is more narrow in nature and is concerned with testing or confirming hypotheses. Even though a particular study may look like it's purely deductive (e.g., an experiment designed to test the hypothesized effects of some treatment on some outcome), most social research involves both inductive and deductive reasoning processes at some time in the project. In fact, it doesn't take a rocket scientist to see that we could assemble the two graphs above into a single circular one that continually cycles from theories down to observations and back up again to theories. Even in the most constrained experiment, the researchers may observe patterns in the data that lead them to develop new theories.
Inductive?
deductive