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Viruses are composed of two main parts: an outer protein covering called a capsid and an inside core of either DNA or RNA. Not both DNA and RNA.
Some of these have an envelope over the capsid. The ones that do not are said to be naked. The proteins in the capsid allow the virus to attach to the "docking stations" proteins of the host cell.
The naked viruses are more resistant to changes in the environment.

A virus can have one of three structures. These are:
Helical virus. A helical virus is rod- or thread-shaped. The virus that causes rabies is a helical virus.
Icosahedral virus. An icosahedral virus is spherically shaped. Viruses that cause poliomyelitis and herpes simplex are icosahedral viruses.
Polyhedral virus.

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