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Andreas Vesalius (1514-64) was a Flemish anatomist. He made many discoveries in anatomy based on his studies involving the dissection of cadavers (human dead bodies).

In 1543 Vesalius published the book De humani corporis fabrica (On the Workings of the Human Body), containing wonderful illustrations by Jan von Calcar, a pupil of the artist Titian.

In this book Vesalius challenged the anatomical ideas of the anatomist Galen (2nd century AD), which had hitherto been uncritically accepted by doctors and anatomists. Vesalius showed that Galen's anatomy contained serious errors, as it was based on the study of the anatomy of animals (e.g. pigs) and not on a direct study of the anatomy of the human body

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