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Within the halogen group, dispersion forces account for a lot of their physical properties. Dispersion forces are caused by the random motion of electrons causing a "pile up" of electrons very briefly on a certain side of the atom. This causes a slight difference in charge across the length of the atom, which in turn causes a slight attraction or repulsion on the part of another nearby atom. Multiplied billions of times across billions of atoms, it creates a measurable force. Dispersion forces are the reason why fluorine (F) and chlorine (Cl) are gases, bromine is a liquid (Br), and iodine (I) is a solid. The more electrons there are (going top to bottom down the halogens), the more dispersion forces you have.

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Q: Which factor is responsible for the weak attraction between diatomic molecules of the halogens group 7A?
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Do halogens form diatomic molecules?

Yes, halogens form diatomic molecules.


Are all halogens diatomic molecules?

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Several chemical elements have diatomic molecules: halogens, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen.


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