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A change in the nucleotide base sequence of gene or DNA molecule is called a what?
this is called a mutation
What is example of a base in science?
In chemistry, a base is a substance that typically will have a pH greater than 7 in an aqeuous solution. The opposite of an acid. It typically will accept a proton (H+). In biology, a base may be a basic building block: in the DNA molecule, you have a specific base-pairing, which consists of a a sugar and phosphate. In the DNA molecule, the base A (adenine) bonds with T (thymine), while C (cytosine) binds with G (guanine)
Explain the components of DNA and explain its functional relationship to RNA and protein?
DNA or Deoxyhydro-Neucleic Acid is composed of base pairs, nitrogen and phosphates. The nitrogen and phosphates form the backbone of the DNA structure and take the shape of a double helix with the base pairs on the inside and the backbone on the outside. Thus, a molecule of DNA is actually two separate chains interwoven. The base pairs contain the information and most of the time are protected on the inside of the helix. There are four base pairs, adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine (represented by the letters A, T, C, and G) A bonds with T, C bonds with G via hydrogen bonding. A cannot bond to either C or G. This is a major function of the structure of DNA in protecting the information it contains. Should a base pair be incorrectly placed, the molecule will not fold up correctly, and an enzyme will likely find the problem and insert the correct base pair. This base pair bonding makes duplicating the molecule quite easy. The DNA helix unwinds, leaving two separate strands. The base pair sequences on these two strands are complementary to each other. Where there is a C on the first chain, there will be a G on the other. So to copy the molecule, complementary base pairs can be inserted onto the open chain and a back bone bonded to the new base pairs and the resultant will be two identical helices of DNA. A similar mechanism is employed in DNAs transcription To RNA. To be read, the DNA molecule unwinds, leaving two complementary chains. The chain that contains the information starts with a certain sequence which labels it as the one containing useful information. RNA base pairs are inserted onto the DNA chain in the same manner as DNA base pairs would be to copy the molecule with a few exceptions. There is no RNA base pair for thymine, instead the base pair Uracil is used. Uracil is complementary to Adenine. The backbone is also subtly different, though its immaterial to the transcription process. Once completed, this molecule of messenger RNA is complementary to the molecule of DNA, whose information it now encodes. The messenger RNA is what the protein is constructed off of. Transcription enzymes are used for such purpose and have a triplet of base pairs on one end and a amino acid on the other. The triplet of base pairs lines up with a triplet on the messenger RNA and one by one a chain of amino acids is put together. once the transcription enzymes get to the end of the messenger RNA molecule, the protein folds up.
Which is the only base that does not have metal atom in its molecule?
You think probable to ammonium hydroxide: NH4OH.
What molecule stores energy for cells to use?
During cellular respiration energy is stored in ATP molecules. When ATP is converted in to ADP, this energy is released for cells to use. The conversion of ADP in to ATP requires molecules of hexose sugar to break down.
What is base in biology?
A base can be defined as either a molecule that binds hydrogen ions or a molecule that donates electrons
What is a base (biology)?
A base can be defined as either a molecule that binds hydrogen ions or a molecule that donates electrons
What affects the shape of a molecule?
The molecule's function and chemical and physical properties
What can the shape of molecule affect?
The molecule's function and chemical and physical properties
What are the complementary base pairs in RNA and how do they contribute to the structure and function of the molecule?
In RNA, the complementary base pairs are adenine (A) with uracil (U), and guanine (G) with cytosine (C). These base pairs contribute to the structure and function of RNA by forming hydrogen bonds that help stabilize the molecule's double-stranded regions. This pairing also allows for accurate replication and transcription of genetic information, essential for protein synthesis and other cellular processes.
What affects the function of a molecule?
structure
What are the characteristics of a double stranded molecule and how does it contribute to its overall structure and function?
A double-stranded molecule has two strands of nucleotides that are connected by hydrogen bonds. This structure provides stability and strength to the molecule, allowing it to store and transmit genetic information accurately. The complementary base pairing between the strands ensures that the molecule can replicate itself accurately during cell division. This double-stranded structure is essential for the molecule's function in processes such as DNA replication and protein synthesis.
How does complementary base pairing within a single RNA molecule determine its structure and function?
Complementary base pairing within a single RNA molecule helps determine its structure and function by forming specific hydrogen bonds between adenine (A) and uracil (U), and between guanine (G) and cytosine (C). This pairing creates a stable double-stranded structure, allowing the RNA molecule to fold into specific shapes and interact with other molecules, such as proteins, to carry out its biological functions.
Which nucleotide on a RNA molecule would base pair with adenine?
Uracil would base pair with adenine on a RNA molecule.
How does a shape of a molecule affect its function?
The correct answer is: The shape of a molecule determines its properties and interactions.
How does the shape of a molecule affect the function?
The correct answer is: The shape of a molecule determines its properties and interactions.
What most affects the function of of a molecule?
structure
