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The 'Father of Modern Optics' is Ibn-al-Haytham (known as Alhazen or Alhacen in west).
Abu 'Ali Al-Hasan bin Al-Haytham (965-1040 C.E.) was one of the most profound physicists (polymaths), whose contributions to optics and scientific methods are truly remarkable. Ibn Al Haytham is known as Alhazen or Alhacen in the west. He was born in Basrah and is thus also known as Al Bastion. He made a practical examination of the passage of light through numerous media and discovered the laws of refraction. He also carried out the first experiments on the dispersion of light into its constituent colors. His book Kitaab-al-Manaadhir (Book of Optics) was translated into Latin in the Middle Ages,as also his book dealing with the colors of sunset. He dealt at length with the theory of various physical phenomena like shadows, eclipses, the rainbow and speculated on the physical nature of light. Ibn Al-Haytham is the first to accurately describe the various parts of the eye and give a scientific explanation of the process of vision. He also attempted to explain binocular vision, and gave a correct explanation of the apparent increase in size of the sun and the moon when near the horizon. He is known for the earliest use of the camera obscura. He contradicted Ptolemy's and Euclid's theory of vision, that objects are seen by rays of light emanating from the eyes; according to him the rays originate in the object of vision and not in the eye. Through these extensive researches on optics, he has been considered as the _____FATHER OF MODERN OPTICS_____
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