Who were bohm and jacopini?

Answer 1

The Bohm-Jacopini proof describes how to construct a structured flow chart from an arbitrary chart, using the bits in an extra integer variable to keep track of information that the original program represents by the program location. This construction was based on Bohm's programming language P′′. The Bohm-Jacopini proof did not settle the question of whether to adopt structured programming for software development, partly because the construction was more likely to obscure a program than to improve it. On the contrary, it signalled the beginning of the debate. Edsger Dijkstra's famous letter, "Go To Statement Considered Harmful," followed in 1968. Subsequent proofs of the theorem addressed practical shortcomings of the Bohm-Jacopini proof with constructions that maintained or improved the clarity of the original program