Only certain elements have electrons capable of forming double bonds in their outer electronshell. Also, size plays a major role in the possibility of forming double bonds. If the pi orbitals of the two atoms can overlap then they will be able to make a strong double bond. If the atom is too big then the pi orbital won't be able to overlap with its neighboring atom; preventing it from forming a double bond. Only C,N,O,P,S are able to form double bonds.
No, it doesn't normally react with other elements.
Without hybridization, oxygen has a valence electron configuration of 2s22p4. Which means it has 2 unpaired electrons; therefore it can form 2 bonds.
Carbon can bond with other carbon atoms making long carbon chains. Carbon can form strong pi-bonds allowing for double and triple bonds between carbon atoms as well, and the carbon-carbon pi-bonds can be delocalized for additional stability in rings.
Silicon DOES form double bonds. In fact, something like 70% of the Earth's crust is made of minerals containing double-bonded silicon... feldspar is the most abundant mineral in the Earth's crust, and it is mainly made of silicates. Silicates are silicon-oxygen compounds. Most commonly, silicon double bonded to two oxygens with another two single bonded oxygens (to make SiO4(2-)), but SiO2, silicon double bonded to 2 oxygens, is also fairly common.The reason why there are fewer double bonded compounds with bigger elements (ie, further down the table) is because double bonds are shorter than single bonds, forcing the atoms' nucleii closer together. In the case of bigger atoms, the large nucleii make this difficult.
there are various bonds formed to form compounds 1 ionic bonds- bond formed from electrostatic attraction eg NaCl 2 covalent bond -two elements share electrons eg O2, Cl2 3 dalton bond or co ordinate covalent bond - dative bond is a covalent bond where both electrons come from the same atom. NH3 -BF3
Carbon form 4 strong bonds with other elements. It does not form double bonds in ethane.
Fluorine does not form double or triple bonds.
Electrons, specifically valence electrons are shared when elements form bonds.
Group-14 elements share electrons. they form covalent bonds.
Elements form bonds because of the attractions between atoms or ions. There are several types of bonds such as ionic, covalent and metallic bonds.
Why does group 4A elements tend to form covalent bonds rather than ionic bonds? 
Rule of thumb answer is covalent bonds form between non metal elements.
they form elements
Carbon forms a maxiumum of four bonds, which can be in the form of two double bonds.
Anything in groups 4 through 8 can form double bonds, and anything in groups 6-8 can form triple bonds. It takes one lone pair from each element involved in the bond to, for lack of a better term, "upgrade" the bond to double, and another lone pair from both elements to "upgrade" the bond to a triple bond.
This element is carbon.
The properties of the elements are changed.