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Why do sex-linked traits follow different patterns for inheritance than other traits?
Short Answer:
There are just over a thousand genes on the X chromosome and about 26 on the Y. Of the 26 on the Y, 9 relate to sperm and one (SRY) relates to male anatomy, the others involved in general tasks.
The fact that there are a hundred times more genes on the X chromosome means that traits related to the X, and variations in those traits, are far far more common.
Sex-linked traits are those that can only be passed along from the father and not the mother or from the mother and not the father.
Obviously, males do carry and pass on sex-linked traits, just not very many.
Gender can only be passed along from the father, along with genes related to sperm.
Females pass on to the male offspring a larger number of traits, (such as some color blindness and male pattern baldness) which have no counterpart in the Y chromosome.
More:
Males have an X and a Y chromosome and females have two X chromosomes.
Because the Y chromosome is smaller than the X with far fewer genes, there are genes carried only on the X and only gotten from the mother. That does not mean that all males have Y chromosomes that are the same.
Overwhelmingly though, the absence of the set of genes on the Y chromosome results in the corresponding genes on the X chromosome being expressed, in particular all of the X-linked disorders of a gene of an X chromosome in a male do not have a second X gene that can be expressed to compensate. Thus, there are a set of sex-linked traits that can only come from the mother.
(Color blindness and male pattern baldness are the two most discussed examples.)
A male offspring (son) has the same Y chromosome as the father and hence any traits influenced by that chromosome.
A female offspring (daughter) has the same X chromosome as the father and hence any traits influenced by that chromosome. A recessive gene on the X from the father will not usually be expressed in a daughter, but a dominant gene on the X from the father will be expressed in the daughter.
For a female to inherit a trait associated with an X-chromosome recessive gene, there must be two copies, one from each parent.
Aside:
The issue of gender-connected inherited traits has much more complexity than this simple discussion can address. For example, not all of the so-called male characteristics are carried on the male (Y) chromosome. The expression of genes on other chromosomes, from both the mother and father, is influenced by genes on the Y chromosome or simply by the absence of two X chromosomes. The reader should investigate further.
Caveat: This discussion applies to humans and other mammals with the XX/XY sex determination system. See related links.
Fun Fact: A woman discovered that the Y chromosome was male. While studying worms, in 1905, Nettie Stevens at Bryn Mawr College identified the Y chromosome as the determining factor in gender.
What else can I help you with?
Why do sex-linked trait follow different pattern of inheritance than other traits?
males and females have different sex chromosomes
What is motivational patterns?
Motivational patterns are considered to be a series of things that follow a particular sequence which influence something positively. This can be traced and used to predict future patterns.
What has a repeating pattern in science?
In science, a repeating pattern can be observed in the periodic table of elements, where elements are organized based on their atomic number and exhibit similar chemical properties in a periodic manner. Another example is the cycles of natural phenomena, such as the water cycle or the seasons, which follow consistent patterns over time. Additionally, patterns in genetics, such as the inheritance of traits according to Mendelian principles, demonstrate how certain characteristics repeat across generations. These patterns help scientists make predictions and understand complex systems.
What different types of conclusions are there?
There are several types of conclusions, including deductive, inductive, and abductive conclusions. Deductive conclusions follow logically from premises, leading to a guaranteed result if the premises are true. Inductive conclusions are based on observations or patterns, allowing for probable generalizations. Abductive conclusions offer the best explanation for a set of observations, often used in hypothesis formation.
Why do you not need to complete the steps of scientific methods in specific order?
If repeating an experiment with a specific outcome, the results may be different if you do not follow the exact steps. However, there is no need to follow a regimen of question and then experiment unless it makes sense to your line of reasoning.
What is the difference between Mendelian and non-Mendelian inheritance patterns?
Mendelian inheritance patterns follow predictable rules of inheritance, such as dominant and recessive traits, as described by Gregor Mendel. Non-Mendelian inheritance patterns involve more complex genetic interactions, like incomplete dominance or codominance, that do not strictly follow Mendel's laws.
What are the inheritance patterns of sex-linked traits in humans?
Sex-linked traits in humans follow specific inheritance patterns based on the genes located on the sex chromosomes. In males, who have one X and one Y chromosome, sex-linked traits are typically passed down from the mother on the X chromosome. In females, who have two X chromosomes, the trait can be passed down from either parent. This results in different patterns of inheritance for males and females when it comes to sex-linked traits.
What is a non-mendilian trait?
A non-Mendelian trait is a heritable feature that does not follow the patterns of inheritance described by Gregor Mendel in his laws of inheritance. These traits may be influenced by multiple genes, the environment, or exhibit more complex inheritance patterns than simple dominance or recessiveness. Examples include traits influenced by epigenetic modifications or mitochondrial DNA inheritance.
What is the impact of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium on the inheritance patterns of X-linked recessive traits?
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium does not directly impact the inheritance patterns of X-linked recessive traits. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a principle that describes the genetic makeup of a population when certain conditions are met, while X-linked recessive traits follow specific inheritance patterns based on the X chromosome.
What are the key differences between Mendelian genetics and non-Mendelian genetics in terms of inheritance patterns?
Mendelian genetics follows predictable patterns of inheritance based on dominant and recessive alleles, while non-Mendelian genetics involves more complex inheritance patterns such as incomplete dominance, codominance, and polygenic inheritance. Mendelian genetics is based on the principles discovered by Gregor Mendel, while non-Mendelian genetics includes variations that do not strictly follow Mendel's laws.
Why do you sex linked traits follow different patterns of inheritance then other traits?
Males and females have different sex chromosomes.
What patterns of inheritance do not follow mendel' s laws?
Non-Mendelian inheritance patterns include incomplete dominance, where the heterozygous genotype produces a blended phenotype; codominance, where both alleles are fully expressed; and sex-linked inheritance, where a gene is located on a sex chromosome and follows different inheritance patterns depending on the sex of the individual. These patterns deviate from Mendel's laws of dominance, segregation, and independent assortment.
What does peculiar inheritance mean?
Peculiar inheritance refers to unusual patterns of inheritance that do not follow the classic Mendelian principles, which include dominant and recessive traits. This can involve cases such as incomplete dominance, codominance, polygenic inheritance, or genetic linkage. It may also encompass non-Mendelian phenomena like mitochondrial inheritance, where traits are passed down through maternal lines. These patterns highlight the complexity of genetic transmission beyond simple dominant-recessive models.
What would have stopped Mendel from finding a pattern in his experiments?
If Mendel had not carefully controlled his experiments or had used different pea plants that did not follow simple inheritance patterns, it would have been difficult for him to detect the patterns of inheritance he observed. Additionally, if he had not diligently recorded and analyzed his data, he may have missed identifying the patterns that led to his groundbreaking discoveries. Finally, lack of adequate technology or scientific knowledge at that time could have also hindered his ability to recognize the patterns in his experiments.
Why do sex-linked trait follow different pattern of inheritance than other traits?
males and females have different sex chromosomes
What are the key differences between Mendelian and non-Mendelian genetics in terms of inheritance patterns and genetic traits?
Mendelian genetics follow predictable inheritance patterns based on dominant and recessive traits, while non-Mendelian genetics involve more complex inheritance patterns such as incomplete dominance, codominance, and polygenic traits. Mendelian traits are controlled by a single gene, while non-Mendelian traits may involve multiple genes or environmental factors.
What is the difference between Mendelian and non-Mendelian traits in genetics?
Mendelian traits follow predictable patterns of inheritance based on the principles discovered by Gregor Mendel, such as dominant and recessive alleles. Non-Mendelian traits do not follow these patterns and may be influenced by multiple genes or environmental factors.
