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Halifax, Nova Scotia was founded in 1749 under the direction of the British Board of Trade and Plantations. It was named after the board's president, George Montague-Dunk (1716-1771), who was 2nd Earl of Halifax. (His title came from the English town of Halifax, located in West Yorkshire. The origin of that name is unclear. Some versions suggest it comes from the words "hali" and "flax" or holy hair -- there was a local legend that the head of John the Baptist was somehow buried there -- or from the old English words "hay" and "ley" (hay meadow).

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