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What two things affect climate?
Two main factors that affect climate are the amount of incoming solar radiation and the distribution of heat around the Earth. The concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere also plays a crucial role in shaping the climate by trapping heat and leading to warming.
What two things affect surface-zone temperatures in most regions?
Usually the heat from the sun and latitude and longitude
Instrument for measuring sunshine?
A pyranometer is a common instrument used to measure sunshine or solar radiation. It typically consists of a sensor that measures the total irradiance of sunlight in a particular area. Pyranometers are essential tools in meteorology, solar energy applications, and climate studies.
How does insolation affect the weather?
see on earth Isolation is one of the main reasons that on earth today we see highly fluctuating climates and weather worldwide. It is direct or diffused shortwave solar radiation that is received in the Earth's atmosphere or at its surface. The greatest amount of energy coming into the atmosphere coming from the atmosphere is from isolation i.e. incoming short wave radiation. Some energy derives from the earth (volcanoes) and energy is released from large urban areas. The amount of energy from the sun is determined by the following factors. Firstly the solar constant, it varies and slightly affects longer term climate rather than short term weather variations. The distance from the sun is also a contributing factor as the eccentric orbit of the earth around the sun can cause up to 6% solar constant variation. Furthermore the altitude of the sun in the sky - the equator receives more energy as solar radiation strikes the earth head on, whereas ay 60 N or 60 S it approaches the more oblique angle, giving twice the area to heat up. Finally the length of the day and night - the 23.5 tilt of the earth means that regions near the poles receive no insolation at times of the year However not all radiation that approaches the planet actually reaches the surface. Absorption of incoming radiation by ozone, water vapour, carbon dioxide, ice particles and dust residue reduces the amount reaching the earth, as does reflections from cloud coverage. Some radiation is also reflected back from the surface itself, for example from snowfields. The ratio between the amount of radiation being absorbed and reflected in our planet is 4%. Short wave radiation is converted into heat, one of the reasons we see weather variation nowadays, in turn the longer wave radiation is trapped. The earth is not heating up or cooling down as there is a balance between income isolation and outgoing terrestrial radiation. However, there are significant spatial differences within the atmosphere. This is because although energy is lost through radiation throughout the atmosphere, the next gain in radiation is not experienced throughout the atmosphere, the net gain is not experienced in the Polar Regions where there is a net deficit between incoming and outgoing radiation. However some 6% is lost in the atmosphere to space, water vapour, carbon dioxide and other greenhouse r gases absorb 94 per cent of this terrestrial radiation, retaining heat in the atmosphere. Horizontal heat transfers - around 80% of the heat transferred away from the tropics is carried by winds including jet stream, hurricanes and depressions. The remaining 20 per cent is transferred by the movement of warmer ocean current polewards. Vertical heat transfers - energy is transferred from the warmer surface of the earth vertically by radiation, conduction and convection. Latent heat also helps energy transfer. For example. Additional energy is required to change water into vapour, which may rise until it condensed into water vapour droplets much higher in the atmosphere. The vertical motion not only transfers heat from positive areas of heat budget by cooling the air as masses rise, but linked with the horizontal movements at higher altitudes. One example of a weather formation is hurricanes, in the Atlantic ITCZ, insolation is at its highest. This causes the sea to heat up and cause evaporation. Due to masses of water vapour raising at the same time it causes a lot a latent heat as it rises, furthermore the coriolus effects causes this mass to spin causing a hurricane.
What factors influence the climate of Latin America?
The climate of Latin America is influenced by a variety of factors, including its proximity to the equator, ocean currents, elevation, and the presence of mountain ranges that affect precipitation patterns. The region's diverse topography also plays a role in shaping different climate zones, from tropical rainforests to deserts. Human activities, such as deforestation and urbanization, can also impact the climate through changes in land use and greenhouse gas emissions.
What are the factors that influence the distribution of solar radiation?
Solar power
How does cloud cover influence the amount of solar radiation that reachs the earth?
Cloud cover influences the amount of solar radiation that reaches Earth's surface because solar radiation cannot reach earth if there is tons of clouds blocking the way
What are the three things controlling the amount of solar energy reaching Earth?
The amount of solar energy reaching Earth is primarily controlled by three factors: the Earth's distance from the Sun, which varies due to its elliptical orbit; the Sun's output, which can fluctuate due to solar cycles; and the Earth's atmosphere, which can absorb or reflect solar radiation. Additionally, clouds and aerosols can influence how much solar energy reaches the surface. Together, these factors determine the overall solar radiation received by the planet.
What affects the water cycle?
3 big factors that affect the water cycle are location, the amount of solar radiation that makes it to ground level, and temperature. The location would basically influence how much water is available at ground level to be evaporated and the amount of solar radiation would basically influence how much water was evaporated from ground level into the air. Temperature would influence where condensation and cloud formation would take place and how much condensation and cloud formation would occur.
Intercepted solar radiation is called?
Insolation is intercepted solar radiation.
Why does solar radiation vary?
Solar radiation varies due to factors such as time of day, season, latitude, cloud cover, and atmospheric conditions. These variables affect the amount of sunlight reaching Earth's surface at any given location and time. Additionally, factors like Earth's tilt and orbital changes also contribute to variations in solar radiation.
What are the factors determine air temperature?
Some factors that determine air temperature include solar radiation, latitude, altitude, proximity to large bodies of water, and prevailing wind patterns. These factors influence the amount of heat absorbed or reflected by the Earth's surface, impacting the temperature of the air above it.
Which of the following factors most influence the temperature of seawater?
The factors that most influence the temperature of seawater are solar radiation, ocean currents, and air temperature. Solar radiation heats the surface water, while ocean currents transport warm or cold water around the globe. Air temperature affects the exchange of heat between the atmosphere and the ocean.
What does the temperature of earth depend on?
The temperature of Earth depends on various factors such as the amount of energy received from the Sun, the composition of Earth's atmosphere, the presence of greenhouse gases, the Earth's distance from the Sun, and natural climate variability. These factors collectively influence the balance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing thermal radiation, which determines Earth's temperature.
How does cloud cover influence the amount of solar radiation that reaches Earth's surface?
Cloud cover can block sunlight from reaching the Earth's surface, reducing the amount of solar radiation that penetrates through to warm the surface. This can lead to lower temperatures in areas with persistent cloud cover. However, clouds can also act as a blanket, trapping heat and leading to warmer nighttime temperatures.
The amount of incoming solar radiation available at various places on the earth depends mainly on?
The amount of incoming solar radiation available at various places on Earth mainly depends on factors such as latitude, season, time of day, and local weather conditions. The angle of incidence of the sun's rays and the duration of sunlight also play a significant role in determining the amount of solar radiation reaching a specific location.
What are the factors that influence the water cycle?
3 big factors that affect the water cycle are location, the amount of solar radiation that makes it to ground level, and temperature. The location would basically influence how much water is available at ground level to be evaporated and the amount of solar radiation would basically influence how much water was evaporated from ground level into the air. Temperature would influence where condensation and cloud formation would take place and how much condensation and cloud formation would occur.
