Plato believed that studying mathematics strengthened mental abilities, serving as a necessary prelude to the demands of philosophical studies. For Plato, a special part of the mind, the nous, is involved in understanding mathematical truths. These truths pertain to things outside space and time. In this respect, mathematical truths are similar to theological and metaphysical truths. Therefore mathematics prepares the mind for theology and metaphysics.
There is no definitive historical evidence that Euclid taught at Plato's Academy. However, it's widely believed that he was influenced by the teachings of Plato and may have studied there. Euclid later established his own school in Alexandria, where he developed his influential work in geometry, particularly in his treatise "Elements." Thus, while he may have connections to Plato's Academy, direct teaching there is not confirmed.
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Plato's contribution to geometry was talking about how geometrical diagrams were imperfect imitations of the perfect mathematical objects that they represent. He felt that mathematics provided the perfect training for the mind.
Pythagoras influenced Plato significantly by introducing him to mathematical concepts and the idea that reality can be understood through numbers and relationships. This emphasis on mathematics led Plato to incorporate mathematical principles into his philosophical theories, particularly in his works like "The Republic," where he explores the idea of ideal forms and the role of mathematics in understanding the universe. Additionally, Pythagorean thought encouraged Plato to consider the harmony and order inherent in the cosmos, shaping his views on ethics, knowledge, and the nature of reality.
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For Plato, the highest stage of love is the contemplation and appreciation of beauty itself, rather than physical beauty. This is known as the love of the form of Beauty, which represents the highest form of love and leads one closer to the divine.
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Plato did not marry, in fact, he was believed to be gay, as was many of the Athenians of the time. Plato wrote about the superiority of love between two males, over love between a man and a woman.
The quote "Love is a serious mental disease" is attributed to Plato and can be found in his work "Phaedrus." This quote reflects Plato's views on the nature of love and its potential to influence the mind and soul.
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Plato believed in the concept of love beyond physical desire, known as platonic love. He argued that true love is a spiritual connection that transcends the physical body, aiming for a higher form of beauty and understanding. In his dialogues, Plato often portrayed erotic desire as a stepping stone towards achieving a more profound and transcendent love.
The subject of Plato's "The Symposium" is love and the different forms it can take, as explored through a series of speeches given by characters at a banquet. The dialogue addresses the nature of love, beauty, and the search for the ultimate truth.
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According to Plato, the highest form of love is known as "agape," which is a selfless, unconditional love that transcends physical attraction or desire. It is a spiritual love that seeks the well-being and happiness of others, without expecting anything in return.