no
Yes Gambians need a Schengen visa to transit Germany
That will depend on what your nationality is. You would need to check with your local authorities or with the Irish department of Foreign Affairs. Check their requirements in the link below. If you plan to go to Northern Ireland, then the requirements could be different.
Starting from December 15th 2010, if you are an Albanian biometric passport holder, you will not need a Schengen visa to Spain.
Ireland is not part of the Schengen Area so Schengen visas are not valid in Ireland (or the UK). You may need a visa unless you hold a passport from a country which doesn't need a visa for Ireland (e.g. USA). Check the Irish embassy for your country to see their rules.
No
It depends on your nationality. If you are an EU or Schengen Area citizen you do not need any time on your passport. Otherwise you need 3 months after the date you intend to leave the Schengen Area.
YES. Irish passport holders need to have an e-Visa in order to enter Turkey (and have needed this since the e-Visa system was launched in 2013). No additional visas are required unless the purpose of the visit is something other than tourism or simple commerce (like studying or permanent residency).
No, an Irish passport holder does not need a visa to enter Switzerland for short stays of up to 90 days. Both Ireland and Switzerland are part of the Schengen Area, allowing for visa-free travel for tourist, business, or family visits. However, travelers should ensure their passport is valid for the duration of their stay.
Yes, you need a separate visa for Ireland. Ireland is not part of the Schengen Area. Schengen visas are not valid.
no bulgarian passport holders need no visa
It depends on where you are coming from. If you live inside of the Schengen Zone, there is no problem. If you live outside of Schengen, you will probably need a new passport, especially if you need a VISA to enter Spain.