Executive and Legislative.
Executive and legislative.
Representative Government, Responsible Government and the Separation of Powers
constitutional Parliamentary Democracy: a http://www.answers.com/topic/parliamentary-system in which the monarch is the ceremonial head of state and a directly-elected http://www.answers.com/topic/prime-minister-3 is the head of government and exercises effective political power.
A presidential government has a separation of powers between the executive and legislative branches, with the president serving as the head of state and government. In contrast, a parliamentary government has a fusion of powers, with the executive branch being drawn from the legislative branch. The prime minister is the head of government, while the monarch or president serves as the head of state.
In a presidential government, the executive branch is separate from the legislative branch, with the president serving as the head of state and government. The president is elected independently of the legislature and has significant powers, including veto authority. In a parliamentary government, the executive branch is part of the legislative branch, with the prime minister typically chosen from the majority party in parliament. The prime minister is accountable to parliament and can be removed through a vote of no confidence. The key difference is the separation of powers in a presidential system versus the fusion of powers in a parliamentary system.
Scotland has a Parliamentary form of Government, as does the rest of the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland. Although there is a Parliament based at Westminster (London) that covers the whole of the UK, Scotland has its' own Parliament with devolved powers (i.e. it carries sole responsibilty for a large amount of the government of Scotland, but has limited powers in some areas such as taxation).
Parliamentary Government is the 'fusion' of powers between the executive and parliament. The first feature of parliamentary government is that governments are formed as a result of parliamentary elections, based on the strength of party representation in the commons. The party with the majority in the Commons forms government. The second feature of parliamentary government is government can 'dissolve' parliament, meaning that electoral terms are flexible within the 5 year limit. This is known as the Prime Minister calling a general election.
Switzerland has a parliamentary government.
In a parliamentary government, the executive branch derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (parliament), which is true. However, a statement that is not true would be that the head of government (the prime minister) is elected directly by the public; in a parliamentary system, the prime minister is typically elected by the parliament itself. Additionally, the separation of powers is less rigid in parliamentary systems compared to presidential systems, which may also lead to misconceptions.
Germany is a parliamentary democracy. There is also a President, but he has few powers.
A parliamentary republic or parliamentary constitutional republic is a form of a republic which operates under a parliamentary system of government. In contrast to a presidential republic and the semi-presidential system, the head of state usually does not have broad executive powers as an executive president would, because much of those powers have been granted to a "head of government" (usually called a prime minister). However, the head of government and head of state may form one office in a parliamentary republic (such as South Africa and Botswana), but the president is still elected in much the same way as the prime minister is in most Westminster systems. This usually means that they are the leader of the largest party or coalition of parties in parliament. In some instances, the President may legally have executive powers granted to them to undertake the day-to-day running of government (as in Finland) but by convention they do not use these powers. Some parliamentary republics could therefore be seen as following the semi-presidential system but operating under a parliamentary system.
A parliamentary republic. But Singapore's government started when it was ruled by Britain so the government was chosen by Britain