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That depends on the type of structure and the intensity of the tornado that affects it. The Ehnahced Fujita scale assesses damage to different structures based on type and quality of construction. The categories on the scale are as follows, with damage that might be expected.

  • EF0: Some shingles, gutters, siding and/or awnings may be peeled away. Some windows may break. Fences are blown down. Weak outbuildings may be destroyed. Some structures may suffer severe damage from falling trees.
  • EF1: Many types of structure suffer severe loss of roof surface material. Poorly secured roofs may be torn from houses. Some very weak exterior walls may collapse. Trailer homes are badly damage or overturned. Barns and garages are destroyed.
  • EF2: Roofs are torn from small businesses and well-constructed houses. Some exterior walls may collapse. Trailer homes are completely destroyed. Unanchored structures may shift.
  • EF3: Numerous walls, both exterior and interior, collapse or are torn away from well-built houses and other structures. Sometimes only a small section of wall is left standing. Weaker structures including some houses may be leveled. Steel trnasmission towers collapse.
  • EF4: Most structures, including well-built houses, are leveled. Some weaker houses may be blown away.
  • EF5: Well-constructed houses are blown clean of their foundations and scattered. Steel-reinforced masonry structures are leveled.

See the links below for pictures and video of damage examples.

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