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A test used to detect anti-Rickettsia antibodies in a patient is the?
Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) is commonly used to detect anti-Rickettsia antibodies in a patient. This test involves exposing the patient's serum to Rickettsia antigens and then using fluorescently labeled antibodies to detect any bound antibodies. Positive results indicate a past or current infection with Rickettsia bacteria.
Which immune response involves antibodies?
Specific response
Can you get antibody from another person?
Yes, you can receive antibodies from another person through various means, such as blood transfusions, convalescent plasma therapy, or monoclonal antibody treatments. Convalescent plasma involves using blood from individuals who have recovered from an infection, which contains antibodies against that pathogen. Monoclonal antibodies are lab-made antibodies designed to target specific infections or diseases. However, the transfer of antibodies does not provide long-term immunity, as the recipient's immune system may not produce its own antibodies in response.
How could an antibody cause a problem in a transplant?
Antibodies can cause rejection of the donor organ/ tissue within minutes if the person receiving the organ already had antibodies against the donor. Rejection of donated blood involves antibodies which form the basis of the immune response triggered by the donation. Rejection of a donated kindey or heart involves both antibodies and cell mediated immunity.
What is the difference between active immunity and inactive immunity?
Active immunity occurs when the immune system is exposed to a pathogen and produces its own antibodies in response, often following vaccination or natural infection. This type of immunity is long-lasting, as memory cells are created to recognize the pathogen in future encounters. In contrast, passive immunity involves the transfer of antibodies from another source, such as through maternal antibodies in breast milk or antibody treatments; it provides immediate but temporary protection since the recipient's immune system does not produce its own antibodies.
What is the difference between aggregation and agglutination?
Aggregation involves clumping of platelets while agglutination involves clumping of particles in the presence of antibodies.
What are the means by which antibodies molecules exert a protective effect?
Antibody molecules exert a protective effect primarily through three mechanisms: neutralization, opsonization, and activation of the complement system. Neutralization involves antibodies binding to pathogens or toxins, preventing their interaction with host cells. Opsonization marks pathogens for destruction by immune cells, enhancing phagocytosis. Additionally, antibodies can activate the complement system, leading to the lysis of pathogens and recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection.
How are antibodies made in the lab?
Antibodies are made in the lab through a process called hybridoma technology. This involves fusing a specific type of immune cell with a cancer cell to create a hybrid cell that can produce antibodies. These antibodies can then be harvested and used for various purposes, such as in diagnostic tests or as treatments for diseases.
Would passive or active immunity protect you from a bacterial infection you have had before?
Active immunity would protect you from a bacterial infection you have had before, as it involves the body producing its own antibodies in response to the pathogen, often after exposure or vaccination. This immune memory allows for a quicker and more effective response upon re-exposure to the same bacteria. Passive immunity, on the other hand, provides temporary protection through antibodies obtained from another source, such as maternal antibodies or injections, but it does not create lasting immunity. Therefore, for long-term protection against previously encountered bacterial infections, active immunity is more effective.
Why do you need to know that blood circulates the entire body?
You need to know because if your blood isn't circulation in a part of your body (Most commonly the leg and foot with humans). If you don't keep it circulation by doing something that involves moving that part of the body that has the blood not circulating, and just keep the body part that's blood isn't circulating like that for a long period of time, then you get this kind of really bad infection or virus.
What is similarities of active and passive immunity?
Both active and passive immunity provide protection against infections and diseases by enabling the body to recognize and respond to pathogens. They involve the immune system's production of antibodies, although active immunity results from the body's own immune response to an infection or vaccination, while passive immunity involves the transfer of antibodies from another source, such as maternal antibodies or intravenous immunoglobulin. Additionally, both types can help prevent illness and can be crucial in providing immediate or long-term protection.
How are active acquired and passive acquired immunity different?
Active acquired immunity occurs when the body produces its own antibodies in response to an infection or vaccination, providing long-lasting protection. In contrast, passive acquired immunity involves the transfer of pre-formed antibodies from one individual to another, such as through maternal antibodies in breast milk or antibody injections, offering temporary protection. While active immunity develops over time and is specific to particular pathogens, passive immunity provides immediate, but short-term, defense.
