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How do you make pathogens harmless before it is injected?

your immune system may stick antibodies all over it or heat kill. Happy Days


Do white blood cells produce antibodies against the antigens on the injected microorganism?

Yes, white blood cells, specifically B cells, produce antibodies in response to antigens present on injected microorganisms. When these antigens are recognized, B cells are activated and differentiate into plasma cells that secrete specific antibodies designed to neutralize or mark the microorganisms for destruction. This immune response is a crucial part of the body's defense against infections.


What is positive immunity?

If a person's immune system is producing antibodies against a specific antigen, then that person has a positive or active immunity toward that antigen. If a person has merely been injected with antibodies but does not produce them, that is a passive immunity.


Why anti tetanus serum is first injected to tetanus toxoid?

Anti-tetanus serum is injected first to provide immediate passive immunity against tetanus toxins in case of a recent injury or exposure, as it contains pre-formed antibodies. Tetanus toxoid, on the other hand, is used to stimulate the body’s immune system to produce its own antibodies for long-term protection. Administering the serum first ensures that the patient has immediate protection while the active immune response from the toxoid develops over time. This combination approach maximizes both immediate and sustained immunity.


What is the substance that stimulates the body to release antibodies?

An antigen stimulates the production of antibodies. These are either naturally acquired, like from mother to baby (via breast feeding and within the womb). Actively acquired, like you get chicken pox (varicella) and your body fights it off, but because your body has seen the virus it now knows how to fight it. There is also Passively Acquired immunities which are acheived via immunizations where a "dead" or small amount of virus is injected into your body so that your immune system can recognize it and know how to fight it if exposed. An antibody is a "memory cell" it identifies and kills the invader that it has seen before. HIV/ AIDS interrupts that process because it enters the nucleus and "takes over" the cells that identify the invaders... it's kind of a "smart virus".


Why do people have antibodies injected into their bodies?

People have antibodies injected into their bodies primarily for the purpose of vaccination or immunotherapy. Vaccines introduce a harmless component of a pathogen, prompting the immune system to produce antibodies that help protect against future infections. Additionally, monoclonal antibodies can be administered as a treatment to help fight diseases, such as certain cancers or autoimmune disorders, by specifically targeting and neutralizing harmful substances in the body. This proactive approach enhances the body’s immune response and can provide immediate protection or therapeutic benefits.


What is the result of a dead or weakend germ injected into your body?

This is the concept of immunization, the immune system identifies the "germ" as an intruder and develops antibodies to fight it.


How exactly do vaccines aid the immune system?

when it is injected it goes into the cell and the cell produces antibodies against the virus which further protects a person


What are Weak pathogens injected into your blood called?

Some vaccines are really just a weakened form of the disease. These are called attenuated vaccines.


Explain how vaccines work and evaluate their use?

vaccines work by getting injected by the vaccine and then when your body recives it starts protecting itself and makes antibodies


How does radioimmunotherapy work?

To carry out radioimmunotherapy, antibodies with the ability to bind specifically to a patient's cancer cells are attached to radioactive material and injected into the patient's bloodstream


Does an injection of antibodies produce active immunity?

No. When you are immunized you are injected with an inactive version of the virus so your body learns how to fight it off and you become permanently immune.