Just looking at ABO/Rh antibodies, you are looking at anti-A present in a B pos person.
As Blood type O contains Anti-A-Antibodies and Anti-B-Antibodies (not Antigens) Anti-A-Serum contains Anti-A-Antibodies (which reacts with A antigen not antibody) Anti-B-Serum contains Anti-B-Antibodies (which reacts with B antigen not antibody) so antibody in antiserum will not find any antigen in blood-group O to react with so no Clumping
You give the antitetanus serum because it contains passive antibodies that can immediately start attacking any antigens if present. While that is going on, the body reacts to the toxoids injected into it by producing its own antibodies, this process is slow thus we need the antitetanus serum for immediate protection.
Blood types A and AB will clump with the addition of anti-A serum. The serum reacts with the A antigen present in these blood types to produced clumping.
Anti-B
serum is diluted, or titered, and the test is done again. The serum is then further diluted and the test repeated until the serum is so dilute that fluorescence is no longer seen. The last dilution that showed fluorescence is the titer reported.
A person with both A and B antigens is designated as having AB bllod group
No, AB positive patients have neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies. Thus, AB positive is known as the universal receiver of all blood types :).
The effect of anti-tetanus serum (ATS) typically lasts for about 2 to 3 weeks. It provides passive immunity by supplying pre-formed antibodies against the tetanus toxin, which helps to neutralize the toxin in case of exposure. However, for long-term protection, vaccination with tetanus toxoid is recommended, as it stimulates the body to produce its own antibodies.
Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) is commonly used to detect anti-Rickettsia antibodies in a patient. This test involves exposing the patient's serum to Rickettsia antigens and then using fluorescently labeled antibodies to detect any bound antibodies. Positive results indicate a past or current infection with Rickettsia bacteria.
Anti-tetanus serum is also known as tetanus immune globlulin. In the US, commercial brands available include HyperTet and BayTet. Blood from people who have been immunized with tetanus vaccine is processed to get the tetanus antibodies, which is injected to prevent tetanus in an un-immunized person.
If neither anti-A nor anti-B sera clot with donor blood, the blood type is O. The blood does not have the antigens that will close clotting with the antibodies in the serum.