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There are many names but really only a few basic types: bacterial, viral, fungal, parasites, and pneumonia due to irritation of inhaled smoke, gases or other foreign substances. Parasitic pneumonia is rare, except in patients who are immunocompromised, like in HIV/AIDS.

The types of pneumonia are named either for the type of organism that causes the inflammation and infection of the lungs (bacterial, viral, fungal, or inhalation of foreign substances), the specific organism (e.g., pneumococcal pneumonia, Legionairre's pneumonia, CMV pneumonia), or the method of obtaining the pneumonia (e.g., aspiration pneumonia).

The types, like aspiration pneumonia and pneumonia caused by inhalation of foreign substances, will usually acquire bacterial infections along with the inflammation, so they and other bacterial pneumonia conditions are treated with antibiotics specific to the organism involved in causing the infection. Parasitic pneumonia is also usually treated with antibiotics.

Viral pneumonia and aspiration pneumonia are treated with anti-viral medications and treatment for any secondary opportunistic bacterial infections with antibiotics.

Anti-fungal medications are given for the fungal pneumonias, and secondary bacterial infections can also accompany these types.

Other treatments for all of these and the pneumonia caused by smoke inhalation or other breathing of chemicals or foreign substances involve monitoring and keeping the oxygen levels in the blood from going too low from improper air exchange in the fluid filled lungs by administration of oxygen at levels above plain room air. Respiratory treatments (breathing treatments with aerosolized medications) may be given to help loosen secretions and aid expectoration. And symptomatic treatment for fever, cough, chest pains, and dehydration. In rare cases, respiratory failure may require use of a ventilator.

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