Cartalige
The periosteum is a strong fibrous membrane that covers the long bone except at joint surfaces. It plays a crucial role in bone formation, repair, and nourishment.
the patella covers the top of the knee joint.
The joint between the sacrum and the hip bone is the sacroiliac joint. It is also known as the SI joint. They form the articular surfaces.
cartilage
The smooth layer of connective tissue protecting the bone surfaces in a synovial joint is called articular cartilage. It helps reduce friction and absorb shock during joint movement.
Articular cartilage
Actually it's cartilages and the synovial fluid which makes the joint movements smooth.....
Periosteum is the connective tissue that covers that parts of bone other than the articular cartilage.
The synovial membrane is a specialized connective tissue that lines the inner surface of synovial joints, producing synovial fluid which lubricates the joint and reduces friction during movement. The periosteum, on the other hand, is a dense layer of vascular connective tissue that covers the outer surface of bones, except at the surfaces of joints, and serves as an attachment point for tendons and ligaments while also playing a role in bone growth and repair. Both structures are crucial for maintaining joint health and bone integrity.
The type of bone that is cushioned by cartilage is primarily the long bones found in the limbs, such as the femur and humerus. At the ends of these bones, articular cartilage covers the joint surfaces, providing a smooth, gliding surface for movement and absorbing shock during activities. This cartilage helps to reduce friction and prevent wear and tear on the bones during joint motion.
The periosteum is a tough fibrous membrane that covers the shaft of a long bone. It contains blood vessels, nerves, and serves as a point of attachment for ligaments and tendons.
Articular cartilage is cartilage which covers the surface of the bone in synovial joints. Its function is to reduce friction between the bones. It is a type of cartilage called hyaline cartilage.