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Anaerobic conditions in animals pyruvate is converted to what?
In animals under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted to lactate through the process of lactate fermentation. This process helps regenerate NAD+ to continue glycolysis in the absence of oxygen.
Why can't lactate be converted to NAD?
Lactate cannot be directly converted to NAD because lactate is a product of anaerobic glycolysis, where NAD+ is reduced to NADH during the conversion of pyruvate to lactate. The regeneration of NAD+ from NADH occurs primarily in aerobic conditions through the electron transport chain. In anaerobic conditions, lactate accumulation allows glycolysis to continue by recycling NADH back to NAD+, but it does not convert lactate itself into NAD. Thus, lactate serves as a temporary storage form of reducing equivalents, rather than a source for NAD regeneration.
Is lactate normal as an end product of anaerobic metabolism?
Yes. But we are not supposed to be anaerobic organism and this lactate will eventually converted into to carbon bi oxide and water to give us energy.
Which of the following are true about lactate dehydrogenase?
Correct answer: I, II, III and IV
What happens to pyruvate under anaerobic and aerobic conditions?
In humans, under ANAEROBIC conditions (no O2), pyruvate is 'converted' to lactate, though I wouldn't say it is "broken down".In humans, under AEROBIC conditions (O2 present), pyruvate is converted to Acetyl-CoA, via the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction.In yeast, pyruvate is converted into ethanol (Party Fluid) via pyruvate decarboxylase and then alcohol dehydrogenase.
What are the three possible fates of pyruvate and what conditions are necessary for each pathway?
actually there are four fates of pyruvate.. usually under aerobic conditions it is converted to acetyl co a. and under anerobic conditions it is converted to lactate. it may also b converted to alanine and oxaloactate by enzymes alt and pyruvate carboxlyse respectively
What cells are able to glucose from lactate?
Liver cells (hepatocytes) and kidney cells can convert lactate into glucose through a process called gluconeogenesis. This process is particularly important during periods of fasting or intense exercise when glucose levels are low. Lactate, produced by anaerobic metabolism in muscles, is transported to the liver, where it is converted back into glucose, which can then be released into the bloodstream to maintain energy levels.
What is the approximate blood lactate level in mmol at the anaerobic threshold?
The anaerobic threshold, also known as the lactate threshold, is typically associated with blood lactate levels of approximately 2 to 4 mmol/L. At this point, the body begins to produce lactate at a rate that exceeds its clearance, leading to an accumulation in the bloodstream. The exact level can vary depending on the individual’s fitness level and exercise intensity.
What is the relationship between glucose and lactate in the human body?
Glucose is converted into lactate during intense exercise when oxygen supply is limited. This process, called anaerobic glycolysis, helps produce energy quickly. Lactate can be used as a fuel source by muscles and other tissues, and can also be converted back into glucose in the liver.
What is the fate of blood lactate?
Blood lactate is primarily transported to the liver, where it can be converted back into glucose through gluconeogenesis, a process known as the Cori cycle. Additionally, lactate can be utilized by heart and skeletal muscles as a source of energy during aerobic metabolism. It may also be oxidized in other tissues to produce ATP. Ultimately, lactate serves as a key intermediate in energy metabolism, especially during anaerobic conditions.
Does the buildup of lactic acid in muscle cells result in alcoholic fermentation?
No, lactate and ethanol are two possible products of glycolysis in anaerobic conditions. Some organisms produce lactate, some produce ethanol. You, for example, produce lactate. Yeast produces ethanol.
What is the recycling of NAD plus under anaerobic conditions?
Under anaerobic conditions, NAD+ can be regenerated through fermentation processes that do not require oxygen. During fermentation, pyruvate produced from glycolysis is converted into various end products like lactate or ethanol, which helps regenerate NAD+ from NADH. This allows for continued glycolysis and ATP production in the absence of oxygen.
