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This is not a routine practice, but it is desirable when transfusing animmunocompromised patient, as the T-lymphocytes in the transfused blood may otherwise provoke a graft-versus-host reaction. Low-dose ionising radiation inactivates the T-lymphocytes without harming the other blood components.

Radiation has also been proposed as a method of sterilising the blood units, but much higher doses, which are not necessarily well tolerated by the blood cells, are needed for this purpose.

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