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There are many reasons some people develop kidney stones. Medications can cause the development of some types of stones, as can some illnesses. The congenital condition medullary sponge kidney disease often results in stones formed so frequently that passing them is almost a daily occurrence. Most stones are the result of a metabolic imbalance. Sometimes the metabolic imbalance can be treated, sometimes it can't. A common way to treat patients for recurrent kidney stones is potassium citrate, which makes it less likely for certain stones to form inside the kidney. Some stones are the result of an imbalanced diet which may be easily altered without medication to help.

Men are four times more likely to get kidney stones than women, and if you have previously had a kidney stone then you will have a 50 percent chance of developing another one within five years. Most people have no predisposing factors to explain why they develop kidney stones. You may have an increased risk of developing kidney stones if you:

  • have a family history of kidney stones
  • are aged between 20 and 50
  • are taking certain medicines or vitamins
  • have only one kidney, or an abnormally shaped kidney
  • eat a diet high in protein
  • don't drink enough fluids

Kidney stones are caused by metabolic disorders giving rise to high levels of Calcium, oxalate and uric acid in the blood which forms the stones.

Rarely it can be hereditary causing cysteine stones. It is very common in hot climates due to excessive sweating leading to dehydration and precipitation of the salts in the urine.

Excessive intake of milk and calcium supplements can also be a cause.

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8y ago

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