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Anthrax, caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, primarily affects host cells by producing potent toxins, particularly protective antigen, lethal factor, and edema factor. These toxins disrupt cellular processes by interfering with signal transduction pathways, leading to impaired immune responses and cell death. Specifically, they can damage organelles such as mitochondria, which are crucial for energy production, ultimately resulting in cellular dysfunction and tissue damage. This pathogenic mechanism contributes to the severe symptoms associated with anthrax infections, including hemorrhagic necrosis and systemic shock.

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2mo ago

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